Plant milk splits or curdles in the coffee

The milk separates into flecks or a grainy layer where it meets the espresso, sometimes within seconds of pouring.

Applies to: Espresso machine, Latte, Cappuccino, Flat white

Likely causes and adjustments

Try one adjustment at a time so you know what actually changed the result. Start with the first cause below — if it doesn't help, reveal the next.

Cause 1 of 4 · Commonly the cause
Milk and coffee both hot, and the coffee acidic
Did the espresso sit for a while before the milk went in?
Steam to a lower temperature and combine them sooner, rather than letting a hot shot stand.

Steamed milk is scalded or too hot

Step-by-step guides to the skills this problem comes from.